- 中国交通运输业法律法规中英数据库 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
中国交通运输业法律法规中英数据库
- 第四十四条任何单位和个人不得擅自占用、挖掘公路。 Article 44 Without authorization, no unit or individual is allowed to occupy or dig the roads for own uses.
- 第四十四条 对违反本法的，主管机关可视情节，给予下列一种或几种处罚： Article 44. The competent authority shall, in the light of the circumstances, impose one or more of the following penalties on anyone who violates this Law:
- 第四十四条 本法自１９８７年１月１日起施行。 Article 44. This Law shall go into effect on January 1, 1987.
- 第四十五条跨越、穿越公路修建桥梁、渡槽或者架设、埋设管线等设施的，以及在公路用地范围内架设、埋设管线、电缆等设施的，应当事先经有关交通主管部门同意，影响交通安全的，还须征得有关公安机关的同意；所修建、架设或者埋设的设施应当符合公路工程技术标准的要求。对公路造成损坏的，应当按照损坏程度给予补偿。 Article 45 Building of bridges and/or aqueducts or putting up or laying pipelines across over, at or under the roads or erecting or laying pipelines, cables and other facilities in land used by roads, prior consent should be conveyed from related departments in charge of transportation. If safety of transport would also be affected prior consent from the related public security organs should also be conveyed. Facilities being built, erected or laid should conform to technical standards as required by road engineering. Damages caused to the roads by such undertaking should be compensated for according to the seriousness of the cases.
- 第四十五条铁路线路两侧地界以外的山坡地由当地人民政府作为水土保持的重点进行整治。铁路隧道顶上的山坡地由铁路运输企业协助当地人民政府进行整治。铁路地界以内的山坡地由铁路运输企业进行整治。 Article 45 Hill slopes beyond the right-of-way of and flanking the railway line shall be conditioned as key territories for water and soil conservation by the relevant local people's government. Slopes on top of railway tunnels shall be conditioned by the local people's government with due assistance of the relevant railway transport enterprise. Hill slopes within the railway line's right-of-way shall be conditioned by the railway transport enterprise.
- 第四十五条 仲裁庭可以就案件中的专门问题向专家咨询或者指定鉴定人进行鉴定,专家和鉴定人可以是中国或外国的机构或公民。 Article 45 The arbitration tribunal may consult an expert or appoint an appraiser for their expertise or appraisal on special issues relating to the case. Such an expert or appraiser may be a Chinese or foreign organization or a citizen.
- 第四十五条飞行前，机长应当对民用航空器实施必的检查；未经检查，不得起飞。 Article 45 The pilot-in-command shall carry out necessary inspection of the civil aircraft before flight; no civil aircraft shall takeoff unless inspected.
- 第四十五条本法第四十四条的规定不影响承运人在本章规定的承运人责任和义务之外，增加其责任和义务。 Article 45 The provisions of Article 44 of this Code shall not prejudice the increase of duties and obligations by the carrier besides those set out in this Chapter.
- 第四十五条海事请求人申请扣押船载货物的价值，应当与其债权数额相当。 Article 45 The value of the goods on board to be arrested on application by a maritime claimant shall be equivalent to the amount of his claim.
- 第四十五条 当事人对主管机关给予的罚款、吊销职务证书处罚不服的，可以在接到处罚通知之日起十五天内，向人民法院起诉；期满不起诉又不履行的，由主管机关申请人民法院强制执行。 Article 45. If a party does not accept the penalty of a fine or revocation of his work certificate imposed by the competent authority, he may bring a suit in a people's court within 15 days after receiving notification of the penalty. If he neither brings a suit nor complies with the penalty upon the expiration of that period, the competent authority shall request the people's court for compulsory enforcement.
- 第四十六条在铁路线路和铁路桥梁、涵洞两侧一定距离内，修建山塘、水库、堤坝，开挖河道、干渠，采石挖砂，打井取水，影响铁路路基稳定或者危害铁路桥梁、涵洞安全的，由县级以上地方人民政府责令停止建设或者采挖、打井等活动，限期恢复原状或者责令采取必要的安全防护措施。 Article 46 In case there is any such activity as building an uphill pond, a reservoir, or a dyke or dam; excavating a water course, a trunk channel or other waterway; stone-quarrying; sand-fetching; or digging a well for water, which is carried out within a specific distance from both sides of a railway line, bridge or culvert, and which might cause adverse effects on the stability of the railway subgrade or endanger the railway bridge or culvert, the relevant local people's government at or above the county level shall order such activities to be ceased, and set a time limit for restoring the site to its original state or to take necessary safety and protection measures.
- 第四十六条任何单位和个人不得在公路上及公路用地范围内摆摊设点、堆放物品、倾倒垃圾、设置障碍、挖沟引水、利用公路边沟排放污物或者进行其他损坏、污染公路和影响公路畅通的活动。 Article 46 No unit or individual is allowed to put up stands or stalls, store things, dump refuse, put up obstructions, dig ditches to divert water, or use roadside ditches to discharge waste matters on highway roads or land used by the roads or carry out any other activities that would result in damages or pollution to the roads or affect the traffic of the roads.
- 第四十六条海事请求保全扣押船载货物的期限为十五日。 Article 46 The period of arresting the goods on board for maritime claim preservation shall be 30 days.
- 第四十六条飞行中，对于任何破坏民用航空器、扰乱民用航空器内秩序、危害民用航空器所载人员或者财产安全以及其他危及飞行安全的行为，在保证安全的前提下，机长有权采取必要的适当措施。 Article 46 The pilot-in-command has the right to take necessary and appropriate measures in flight, under the prerequisite of ensuring flight safety, against any acts which may destroy the civil aircraft, interfere with the order on board and jeopardize the safety of persons or property therein, and any other acts jeopardizing flight safety.
- 第四十六条 专家报告、鉴定报告和仲裁庭收集的其他证据,应发送给双方当事人,给予双方当事人对专家报告和鉴定报告提出意见的机会。任何一方当事人要求专家/鉴定人参加开庭的,经仲裁庭同意后,专家/鉴定人可以参加开庭,并在仲裁庭认为必要和适宜的情况下就他们的报告作出解释。 Article 46 The report prepared by the expert or the appraiser and other evidence collected by the arbitration tribunal shall be copied to the parties so that they may have the opportunity to give their opinions thereon. At the request of any party to the case and with the approval of the arbitration tribunal, the expert and appraiser may be present at the hearing and give explanations of their reports when the arbitration tribunal considers it necessary and appropriate.
- 第四十六条承运人对集装箱装运的货物的责任期间，是指从装货港接收货物时起至卸货港交付货物时止，货物处于承运人掌管之下的全部期间。 Article 46 The responsibilities of the carrier with regard to the goods carried in containers covers the entire period during which the carrier is in charge of the goods, starting from the time the carrier has taken over the goods at the port of loading, until the goods have been delivered at the port of discharge.
- 第四十六条 因海上交通事故引起的民事纠纷，可以由主管机关调解处理，不愿意调解或调解不成的，当事人可以向人民法院起诉；涉外案件的当事人，还可以根据书面协议提交仲裁机构仲裁。 Article 46. A civil dispute arising from a maritime traffic accident may be settled through mediation by the competent authority. If the parties are unwilling to have the cases mediated or if the mediation is unsuccessful, the parties may bring a suit in the people's court. Parties to a case involving foreign interests may also submit the case to an arbitration agency for mediation, in accordance with the written agreement concluded between them.
- 第四十七条船载货物扣押期间届满，被请求人不提供担保，而且货物不宜继续扣押的，海事请求人可以在提起诉讼或者申请仲裁后，向扣押船载货物的海事法院申请拍卖货物。 Article 47 If, on the expiration of the period of arresting the goods on board, the party who opposes the claim fails to provide guarantee, and the goods are not suitable for being arrested longer, the maritime claimant may apply to the maritime court arresting the goods on board for auction of the goods after bringing a law suit or applying for arbitration.
- 第四十七条禁止擅自在铁路线路上铺设平交道口和人行过道。 Article 47 It shall be prohibited to install a level crossing or a pedestrian cross-walk without proper authorization.
- 第四十七条在大中型公路桥梁和渡口周围二百米、公路隧道上方和洞口外一百米范围内，以及在公路两侧一定距离内，不得挖砂、采石、取土、倾倒废弃物，不得进行爆破作业及其他危及公路、公路桥梁、公路隧道、公路渡口安全的活动。 Article 47 No sand collection, stone query, earth digging or waste dumping, explosive operations and other activities that would threaten the safety of roads, road bridges, road tunnels and road ferries is allowed within the perimeter of 200 meters of large and medium-sized road bridges or ferries and within a perimeter of 100 meters above road tunnels or outside the mouths of road tunnels and within a certain distance on both sides of the roads.
- 第四十七条承运人在船舶开航前和开航当时，应当谨慎处理，使船舶处于适航状态，妥善配备船员、装备船舶和配备供应品，并使货舱、冷藏舱、冷气和其他载货处所适于并能安全收受、载运和保管货物。 Article 47 The carrier shall, before and at the beginning of the voyage, exercise due diligence to make the ship seaworthy, properly man, equip and supply the ship and to make the holds, refrigerating and cool chambers and all other parts of the ship in which goods are carried, fit and safe for their reception, carriage and preservation.
- 第四十七条 当事人提出的证据由仲裁庭审定;专家报告、鉴定报告和仲裁庭收集的其他证据的副本或复制件、复制品（包括视听资料）,由仲裁庭决定是否采纳。 Article 47 The evidence submitted by the parties shall be examined and evaluated by the arbitration tribunal. The adoption or non-adoption of the report prepared by the expert or the appraiser and copies or duplications (including audiovisual materials) of other evidence collected by the arbitration tribunal shall be determined by the arbitration tribunal.
- 第四十七条机长发现机组人员不适宜执行飞行任务的，为保证飞行安全，有权提出调整。 Article 47 The pilot-in-command has the right to ask for a change of crew member(s) in order to ensure flight safety if he discovers that the crew member(s) are not suitable for performing the flight mission.
- 第四十七条 对违反本法构成犯罪的人员，由司法机关依法追究刑事责任。 Article 47. Those whose violation of this Law constitutes a crime shall be investigated for their criminal responsibility by judicial organs in accordance with the Law.
- 第四十八条海事法院收到拍卖船载货物的申请后，应当进行审查，在七日内作出准予或者不准予拍卖船载货物的裁定。 Article 48 A maritime court shall conduct examination after receiving the application for auction of the goods on board, and make an order approving or disapproving the auction of the goods on board.
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